Artist: Angelica Kauffmann (Maria Anna Angelika)
Date: 1770
Museum: Te Papa (Wellington, New Zealand)
Technique: Etching
Angelica Kauffmann (often Kauffman) spent only 15 years in England, but made a significant impact on the 18th-century London art scene, becoming one of only two female Founder Members of the Royal Academy and an all-time role model for women artists. Born in Chur, Switzerland in 1741, Kauffmann was quickly recognised as a child prodigy. Her father, a painter himself, gave her drawing lessons from a young age as the family moved between Austria, Switzerland and Italy. In Italy she established a reputation as an artist and was elected a member of the Roman Accademia di San Luca at the age of 23. After moving to London in 1766, Kauffmann struck up a close friendship with Joshua Reynolds, commemorated in the portraits they painted of each other. When the Royal Academy of Arts was established in 1768 with Joshua Reynolds as President, she and Mary Moser were the only two women invited to become Founder Members. Kauffmann painted portraits and landscapes, but identified herself primarily as a history painter, the genre Reynolds placed at the heart of the Academy’s teaching. During this period, women were still prohibited from drawing nude models and could only draw the male figure from existing casts, as Kauffmann depicts in Design. Long patronised in art history for being merely
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