Artist: Unkoku Togan
Date: 601
Size: 89.6cm x 33.4cm
Technique: Paper
The Artist: Unkoku Tōgan
Unkoku Tōgan(1547–1618) was a Japanese painter born into a privileged family in Nagasaki. He began his artistic career in the studio of Kano Shōei before turning to the works of Sesshū Tōyō, becoming one of the most admired ink painters of the Momoyama period.
The Painting: Bodhidharma
This imagined portrait by Unkoku Tōgan depicts Daruma (Sanskrit: Bodhidharma), the monk credited with transmitting Chan Buddhism from India to China in the fifth century. The painting, ink on paper, showcases Tōgan's mastery of minimalist composition and expressiveness, reflecting Zen beliefs in direct experience and rejection of superfluous ornamentation.
Historical Context
The Zen art movement, influenced by Sarvastivada meditation practice, Mahayana thought, Madhyamaka thought, and Taoist philosophy, emphasizes meditation, intuition, simplicity, and expressiveness. The Suiboku ga art movement, a type of Chinese ink brush painting, emerged during the Tang dynasty (618–907) and overturned earlier, more realistic techniques. It is typically monochrome, using only shades of black, with great emphasis on virtuoso brushwork and conveying the perceived "spirit" or "essence" of a subject.
Ink Wash Painting
Wash, a visual arts technique resulting in a semi-transparent layer of color, is often applied in combination with drawing, creating pen and wash, wash drawing, or ink and wash. The classic East Asian tradition of ink wash painting uses black ink in various levels of dilution, historically associated with Zen art.
Zen Art Today
Today, Zen art continues to inspire artists and collectors worldwide. Museums such as the Boston Museum of Fine Arts and the Metropolitan Museum of Art feature extensive collections of Zen art, showcasing its enduring appeal and relevance. Discover our hand-made oil painting reproductions of Unkoku Tōgan's 'Bodhidharma' at Wikioo.org. Experience the profound and enduring vision of reality embodied in this masterpiece. Sources:
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