Mariano Fortuny

Place: Reus

Born: 1871

Death: 1949

Biography:

Early Life and Inspiration

, a Spanish fashion designer, was born on May 11, 1871, in Granada, Spain. His father, Mariano Fortuny y Marsal, was a genre painter who passed away when Mariano was just three years old. This event led to the family's move to Paris, France, where Mariano's mother introduced him to various textiles and fabrics that would later influence his creativity.

Artistic Talents and Inventions

Mariano Fortuny showcased his artistic talents from a young age, demonstrating skills in painting, photography, sculpting, architecture, etching, and theatrical stage lighting. His inventions, including over twenty patented between 1901 and 1934, revolutionized the world of theater design.

• He developed the Fortuny cyclorama dome, a quarter dome-shaped structure of plaster or cloth, which used indirect lighting to create a seamless transition between scenes.
• His treatise "Eclairage Scenique" (1904) described his discovery of reflecting light off different surfaces, changing its color, intensity, and properties.

Notable Contributions and Collaborations

Mariano Fortuny's work gained widespread recognition in the 1920s. He collaborated with notable figures, including:

• Richard Wagner, a German composer, whose operas inspired Mariano to paint scenes.
• The famous opera house, La Scala of Milan, where he installed his dome, adapting it for the larger theater and inventing a suction fan to maintain its taut structure.

Legacy and Later Life

Mariano Fortuny passed away on May 3, 1949, in Venice, Italy. His work inspired French novelist Marcel Proust, and his life was depicted in Pere Gimferrer's novel "Fortuny." Mariano's legacy continues to influence the world of theatrical design.

• Explore more about Mariano Fortuny's inventions and designs at Wikioo.org's collection.
• Discover the impact of his work on theatrical lighting in The Museum Destroyed by Fire (United States), a story of an unfortunate event that shaped American art history, available at Wikioo.org's blog.

Selected Paintings by Mariano Fortuny and Other Artists

• Mariano Fortuny: Teagown (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, United States), available at Wikioo.org's collection.
• Marc Chagall: Study to 'Song of Songs IV' (Naive Art / Primitivism), available at Wikioo.org's collection.
• Pablo Picasso: Clarinet (Analytical Cubism, Oil On Canvas), available at Wikioo.org's collection.
• Vincent Van Gogh: Tree roots (50 x 100 cm, Post-Impressionism, Oil On Canvas), available at Wikioo.org's collection.